tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5517063073648633112023-11-16T10:45:50.939-08:00Samuel AdamsSamuel Adams (September 27 [O.S. September 16] 1722 – October 2, 1803) was a statesman, political philosopher, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. As a politician in colonial Massachusetts, Adams was a leader of the movement that became the American Revolution, and was one of the architects of the principles of American republicanism that shaped the political culture of the United States. He was a second cousin to President John Adams.Stan Kloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13178581524052821016noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-551706307364863311.post-38989405126640506732012-09-12T16:59:00.006-07:002018-06-03T10:55:12.307-07:00Samuel Adams<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>Samuel Adams</b></span></div>
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<b style="line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: medium;">A <a href="http://www.forgottenfounders.org/">Forgotten Founders Corporation</a> Biography</span></b><br />
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<i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: x-small; line-height: 14px;"><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://stanklos.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">Copyright © Stan Klos</a>,</span></b></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ADAMS, Samuel, b. in Boston, Mass., 27 Sept., 1722; d. there, 2 Oct., 1803. Among the grandsons of Henry Adams, the emigrant from Devonshire, were Joseph Adams, of Braintree, and John Adams, of Boston, a, sea-captain. The former was grandfather of President John Adams; the latter was grandfather of Samuel Adams, the statesman. The second son of Capt. John Adams, b. 6 May, 1089, was named Samuel, and in 1713 married Mary Fifield. Of their twelve children, only two, besides the illustrious Samuel, survived their father. </span><br />
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Students and Teachers of US History this is a video of <a href="http://www.stanklos.org/">Stanley</a> and Christopher Klos presenting America's Four United Republics Curriculum at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School. The December 2015 video was an impromptu capture by a member of the audience of Penn students, professors and guests that numbered about 200.</div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The elder Samuel Adams was a man of wealth and influence. He owned a large estate on Purchase street, with a noble mansion fronting on the harbor, and here the younger Samuel Adams was born. The father was a prosperous merchant and church deacon. Deacon Adams became a leading figure in Boston politics through an organization that became known as the Boston Caucus, which promoted candidates who supported popular causes.The Boston Caucus helped shape the agenda of the Boston Town Meeting.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> He was justice of the peace, deacon of the old South church, selectman, and member of the legislature.</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">For More Information go to </span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /><a href="http://www.americasfourrepublics.com/">America's Four United Republics</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">About 1724, in company with some friends, mostly </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">sea-captains, shipwrights, and persons otherwise connected with the shipping interest, which was then very powerful, he founded a political club designed " to lay plans for introducing certain persons into places of trust and power." This institution was known as the " caulkers' club," whence the term " caucus" is supposed to have been derived. It was evidently from his father that the younger Samuel inherited the political tastes and aptitudes which, displayed amid the grand events of the revolution, were to"make him on the whole the most illustrious citizen that Massachusetts has ever produced. Young Adams was educated first at the Boston Latin school, then at Harvard college, where he was graduated in 1740. Very little is known of his college life, except that he was noted as a diligent student. He was fond of quoting Greek and Latin, after the pedantic fashion of the time. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1743, being then twenty-one years of age and a candidate for the master's degree, he chose as the subject for his Latin thesis the question, <i>" Whether it be lawful to resist the supreme magistrate if the commonwealth cannot otherwise be preserved"</i>; and this question he answered in the affirmative. History has not told us how this bold doctrine affected Gov. Shirley and the other officers of the crown who sat there on commencement day and listened to it. It was the wish of the elder Samuel that his son should become a clergyman; but the son had no taste for theology and preferred the law. In those days, however, the law was hardly considered a respectable profession br old-fashioned New Englanders; and after a snort time Samuel yielded to his mother's objections and entered the counting-house of Thomas Gushing, a prominent merchant, father of an eminent revolutionary leader. Shortly afterward his father gave him £1,000 with which to set up in business for himself. He lent half of this to a friend, who never returned it, and lost the other half in bad bargains. Then he became partner with his father in a brewerv, but the business did not prosper. About this time the father lost the greater part of his fortune in a wildcat banking enterprise. In 1090, at the time of the disastrous expedition of Sir William Phips against Quelxc, Massachusetts had issued paper money, with the inevitable results. Coin was driven from circulation, and there was a great inflation of prices, with frequent and disastrous fluctuations. This led to complaints from British merchants trading to Massachusetts, and the governor was ordered by the board of trade to veto any further issue. A quarrel ensued between the governor and the legislature, and, as the governor proved inexorable, two joint-stock banking companies were devised to meet the emergency. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoNN6KQhbiLz2XTDCuiapav-HBC173acXki_cZA1o6k8WuV9mdumn_ZPUhM1YW56Yga5cG7c1mEUINblmPAlWnmvUuqPmCyQpLkVdk70vYNWOhz7dlfj5gk8C-P735RPvkZeQ0DzDC73I/s1600/adams+exchange+coffee+house.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="522" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoNN6KQhbiLz2XTDCuiapav-HBC173acXki_cZA1o6k8WuV9mdumn_ZPUhM1YW56Yga5cG7c1mEUINblmPAlWnmvUuqPmCyQpLkVdk70vYNWOhz7dlfj5gk8C-P735RPvkZeQ0DzDC73I/s640/adams+exchange+coffee+house.jpg" title="Boston exchange House - www.samueladams.net" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The one known as the " silver scheme," and patronized chiefly by merchants, undertook to issue £110,000 in notes, to be redeemed in silver at the end of ten years; the other, which was known as the land-bank, or " manufactory scheme," undertook to issue £150,000, redeemable in produce after twenty years. It was with the latter scheme that Mr. Adams's father was connected. There were 800 stockholders, and they not only controlled the Massachusetts legislature, but succeeded in compassing Gov. Belcher's removal. Their plans were nipped in the bud, however, by an act of parliament extending to the colonies an" act of the reign of George I. forbidding the incorporation of joint-stock companies with more than six partners. The two Massachusetts companies were thus obliged to suspend operations and redeem their scrip; and, as the partners were held individually liable, they were quickly ruined. Thus the wealth of the elder Adams melted away in a moment. The friends of the bank denounced this act of parliament as a violation of the chartered rights of the colony; and the question as to the extent of the authority of parliament in America began to be agitated. So in a certain sense Samuel Adams may be said to have inherited his quarrel with the British government. After the death of his father in 1748 he carried on the brewery by himself, and obtained from his political enemies the nickname of " Sammy the maltster."</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Presently, when he was made tax-collector for the town of Boston, these wits devised for him the epithet of "Sammy the publican." His office made him personally acquainted with everybody in Boston, and his qualities soon won for 'him great influence. He had all the courage and indomitable perseverance of his cousin, <a href="http://www.johnadams.us/">John Adams</a>, but without his bluntness of manner. As an adroit political manager he was not surpassed by <a href="http://www.thomasjefferson.us/">Jefferson</a>, whom lie resembled in his thorough-going democracy. He hail a genuine sympathy for men with leather aprons and hands browned by toil; he knew how to win their confidence, and never abused it, for he was in no sense a demagogue. In the town-meeting he soon became a power, yet it was not until his forty-second year that his great public career began. In May, 1704, he drafted the instructions given by the town of Boston to its newly-chosen representatives with reference to Grenville's proposed stamp-act. These instructions were the first public protest in America against the right of parliament to tax the colonies. Next year he was himself elected to the legislature, where he remained till 1774, officiating as clerk of the house, and draftins: most of the remarkable state-papers of that aroid of fierce agitation. In the controversies first with Gov. Bernard, then with his successor, Hutchinson, Samuel Adams was always foremost.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the passage of the Townsend acts in 1707, Adams wrote the petition of the Massachusetts legislature to the king, the letter of instructions to their agent in England, and the circular letter addressed to the other colonies, inviting their aid in the defense of the common rights of Americans. The king was especially enraged by this circular letter, and Gov. Bernard was directed to order the legislature to rescind it under penalty of instant dissolution. After several days' discussion the legislature, by a vote of 92 to 17, refused to rescind. This obstinacy had much to do with the decision of the British government to send troops to Boston in the hope of overawing the [icople of that town. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSPYPus8cMvXwJyIimR8WIxZ1IH955GEkIGVhO0Ic5PGdmqaeAHWd-oY_3TvIYgSW5qgXhNnPZNSdNvTBuqHqCiUzFnCQR5NFU2XEib8GHuqDBtvkfx_-1BELlBGUt8UO_wFNp1h3AKfU/s1600/adams+boston+massacre.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="504" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSPYPus8cMvXwJyIimR8WIxZ1IH955GEkIGVhO0Ic5PGdmqaeAHWd-oY_3TvIYgSW5qgXhNnPZNSdNvTBuqHqCiUzFnCQR5NFU2XEib8GHuqDBtvkfx_-1BELlBGUt8UO_wFNp1h3AKfU/s640/adams+boston+massacre.jpg" title="Boston Massacre - 1774 - www.samueladams.net" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the morning after the famous "massacre" of 5 March, 1770, Adams was appointed chairman of a committee to communicate the votes of the town-meeting to the governor and council. More than 5,000 persons were present at the town-meeting, which was held in the old South meetinghouse, and all the neighboring streets were crowded. Lieut. Gov. Hutchinson, with the council, and Col. Dalrymple, commander of the two regiments, sat in the old state-house at the head of King street. When Adams presented the demand of the town meeting that the soldiers should be removed to the castle in the harrow, Hutchinson at first disclaimed any authority in the matter; but Adams reminded him that as acting governor of Massachusetts he was commander-in-chief of all troops within the province. Hutchinson consulted a while with Dalrymple, and at length replied that the colonel was willing to remove one of the regiments in order to appease the indignation of the people. The committee, led by Adams, returned to the church with this message, and as they proceeded through the crowded street, Adams, bowing to right and left, passed along the watchword, " Both regiments or none!" When the question was put to vote in the church, 5,000 voices shouted, "Both regiments or none!" Armed with this ultimatum, Adams returned to the state-house and warned Hutchinson that if he failed to remove both regiments before nightfall he did so at his peril. Hutchinson was as brave and as obstinate as Adams, but two regiments were powerless in presence of the angry crowd that filled Boston, and before sunset they were removed to the castle. These troops were ever afterward known in parliament as the ".Sam Adams regiments."</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZPHwdpN5RT23mYw58GurTGhN-KssCh_1DfxRg6jjtz9sjiLAZ2f7lGMeci71z3D-A9M8Nyw3DbBfn7tggZoBAB-ky6fDpH43TbsF9wab5v_YmHm_fch1NwBjIZuuPGdykx8r-WIp7eDY/s1600/adams+middle+aged.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZPHwdpN5RT23mYw58GurTGhN-KssCh_1DfxRg6jjtz9sjiLAZ2f7lGMeci71z3D-A9M8Nyw3DbBfn7tggZoBAB-ky6fDpH43TbsF9wab5v_YmHm_fch1NwBjIZuuPGdykx8r-WIp7eDY/s640/adams+middle+aged.jpg" title="Samuel Adams - Middle Aged Portrait - www.samueladams.net" width="522" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1772 the government ventured upon a step that went further than anything that had yet been done toward driving Massachusetts into rebellion. It was ordered that the judges, holding their offices at the king's pleasure, should henceforth be paid by the crown and not by the colony. This act, which aimed directly at the independence of the judiciary, aroused intense indignation. The judges were threatened with impeachment if they should dare to accept a penny from the crown. Mr. Adams now had recourse to a measure that organized the American revolution. The people of Boston, in town-meeting, asked Hutchinson to convene the legislature to decide what should be done about the judges' salaries. On his refusal, Adams proposed that the towns of Massachusetts should appoint <i>"committees of correspondence"</i> to consult with each other about the common welfare. Such a step was strictly legal, but it virtually created a revolutionary legislative hourly, which the governor could neither negative, dissolve, nor prorogue. Within a few months eighty towns had chosen their committees of correspondence, and the system was in full operation. Hutchinson at first scoffed at it, for he did not see to what it was leading. The next spring Dabney Carr, of Virginia, moved that inter-colonial committees of correspondence should be formed, and this was soon done. But one more step was needed. It was only necessary that the inter-colonial committees should assemble in one place, and there would be a continental congress speaking in the name of the united colonies, and if need superseding the royal governments. By such stages was formed the revolutionary government that declared the independence of the United States and administered the affairs of the new nation until 1789.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMG_9GMuc4P459s9iInLB8vbSN86Hl6fQ9_cNOwIS7ZIQlvgSmcqsgFkiU6Y6ElUvFWdY_rvkv-VzBQbC1Eeyaf1cHw7D0cXWJcA-I9z7ezAZzRBiOJUJOvA3vseuxTjWwhEUhiBsaziY/s1600/Adams_by_Paul_Revere_1774.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMG_9GMuc4P459s9iInLB8vbSN86Hl6fQ9_cNOwIS7ZIQlvgSmcqsgFkiU6Y6ElUvFWdY_rvkv-VzBQbC1Eeyaf1cHw7D0cXWJcA-I9z7ezAZzRBiOJUJOvA3vseuxTjWwhEUhiBsaziY/s400/Adams_by_Paul_Revere_1774.jpeg" title=""Mr. Samuel Adams," by Paul Revere, 1774 " width="337" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It was Samuel Adams who took the first step toward its construction, though the idea had been first suggested in 1705 by the great preacher Jonathan Mayhew. In order to provoke the colonies to assemble in a continental congress, it was only necessary that the British government should take the aggressive upon some issue in which all the colonies were equally interested. The sending of the tea-ships in 1773 was such an act of aggression, and forced the issue upon the colonists. The management of this delicate and difficult affair, down to the day when Massachusetts virtually declared war by throwing the tea into the harbor, was entirely in the hands of the committees of correspondence of Boston and five neighboring towns, with the expressed consent of the other Massachusetts committees and the general approval of the country. In this bold act of defiance Samuel Adams was from first to last the leading spirit.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">He had been the first of American statesmen to come to the conclusion that independence was the only remedy for the troubles of the time; and since 1768 he had acted upon this conviction without publicly avowing it. The "<i>Boston tea party"</i> made war inevitable. In April, 1774, parliament retorted with the acts for closing the port of Boston and annulling the charter of Massachusetts. This alarmed all the colonies, and led to the first meeting of the continental congress. In this matter the other colonies invited Massachusetts to take the lead, and the work was managed by Mr. Adams with his accustomed shrewdness and daring. When the legislature met at Salem, 17 June, 1774, in conformity to the new acts of parliament, he locked the door, put the key into his pocket, and carried through the measures for assembling a congress at Philadelphia in September. A Tory member, feigning sudden illness, was allowed to go out, and ran straight to the governor with the news. The governor lost no time in drawing up the writ dissolving the legislature, but when his clerk reached the hall he found the door locked and could not serve the writ. When the business was accomplished the legislature adjourned sine die. It was the last Massachusetts legislature assembled in obedience to the sovereign authority of Great Britain. The acts of April were henceforth entirely disregarded in Massachusetts.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #4b4b4b; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">Liberty Bell on tour at the New Orleans </span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #4b4b4b; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">World's Fair in 1884</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Samuel Adams and his cousin John were delegates to the first continental congress. They knew that Massachusetts was somewhat dreaded and distrusted by the other colonies, especially by Pennsylvania and New York, on account of her forwardness in opposing the British government. While there was genuine sympathy with her situation, there was at the same time great reluctance to bringing on a war. The rigid puritanism of Massachusetts was also held in disrepute. Samuel Adams felt it necessary to be conciliatory, and it was easy for him to be so, for he was large-minded and full of tact. A motion to open the proceedings of the congress with prayer was opposed by <a href="http://www.johnjay.net/">John Jay</a>. on the ground that Episcopalians, Congregationalists, Presbyterians, Baptists, and Quakers could hardly be expected to unite in formal worship. Then Samuel Adams got up and said, with perfect sincerity, that " he was no bigot and could near a prayer from a gentleman of piety and virtue who was at the same time a friend to his country. He was a stranger in Philadelphia, but he had heard that Mr. Duche deserved that character, and therefore he moved that Mr. Duche, an Episcopal clergyman, might be desired to read prayers to the congress." This was a politic move, for it pleased the Episcopalians, who were the dominant sect in New York, Virginia, and South Carolina; and it produced an excellent impression in Philadelphia, where Duche was the most popular preacher of the day. It was thought that the men of New England "were not so stiff-necked as had been generally supposed, and there was a reaction of feeling in their favor.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Toward the end of the following winter Gen. Gage received peremptory orders from the ministry to arrest Samuel Adams and " his willing and ready tool." <a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/">John Hancock</a>, and send them over to London to be tried for high treason. A London newspaper predicted that their heads would soon be exposed on Temple Bar. It was intended to seize them at Lexington on the morning of 19 April, but, forewarned by Paul Kevere, they escaped and made their way to Philadelphia in time for the second session of the continental congress. </span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwxQalqG933fPgkz1UixDqvH80lC6h_JjoMu3xJRWW10WYK2TS8PiDhHiw21-XDwhDtf2sFV8b8MrnBfECUkTRddEvhjiR9dTxI50hcmOu7FGLI624DBwRQJtjQs1dhsN0jUAJFuWylho/s1600/NCHC+Citizenship+PITP+Independence+Hall+DOI+%2526+Constitution.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="569" data-original-width="1005" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwxQalqG933fPgkz1UixDqvH80lC6h_JjoMu3xJRWW10WYK2TS8PiDhHiw21-XDwhDtf2sFV8b8MrnBfECUkTRddEvhjiR9dTxI50hcmOu7FGLI624DBwRQJtjQs1dhsN0jUAJFuWylho/s640/NCHC+Citizenship+PITP+Independence+Hall+DOI+%2526+Constitution.png" title="National Collegiate Honor’s Council Partners in the Park Independence Hall Class of 2017 students at Independence Hall with Ranger Jay holding the September 1787, American Museum printing of the U.S. Constitution and Ranger Ed Welch holding John Dunlap's 1776 Journals of Congress opened, respectively to the U.S. Constitution of 1787 and Declaration of Independence. They are flanked by National Collegiate Honors Council Students and NCHC President, Dr. Naomi Yavneh Klos - – For more information visit our National Park and NCHC Partners in the Park Class of 2017 website" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="https://www.nchchonors.org/events/partners-in-the-parks">National
Collegiate Honor’s Council Partners in the Park</a> Independence Hall </span><a href="http://www.historic.us/p/nchc-partners-in-park.html"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Class
of 2017</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> students at Independence Hall with Ranger Jay
holding the September 1787, American Museum printing of the </span><a href="http://www.constitutionof1787.com/"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">U.S. Constitution</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> and
Ranger Ed Welch holding John Dunlap's 1776 Journals of Congress opened,
respectively to the U.S. Constitution of 1787 and </span><a href="http://www.declarationofindependence.info/"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Declaration of
Independence</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">. They are flanked by National
Collegiate Honors Council Students and NCHC President, Dr. Naomi Yavneh Klos -
– For more information visit our </span><a href="http://www.historic.us/p/nchc-partners-in-park.html"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">National
Park and </span></a><a href="http://www.historic.us/p/nchc-partners-in-park.html"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">NCHC</span></a><a href="http://www.historic.us/p/nchc-partners-in-park.html"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
Partners in the Park Class of 2017 website</span></a></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For the next eight years Mr. Adams took an active and important part in the work of the congress. Probably no other man did so much as he to bring about the declaration of independence. He had a considerable share in framing the state constitution of Massachusetts adopted in 1780. After the close of the war he opposed the strengthening of the federal government, through fear of erecting a tyranny that might swallow up the local governments.' Like Patrick Henry, <a href="http://www.richardhenrylee.org/">Richard Henry Lee</a>, and others who had been foremost in urging on the revolution, he was ranked among the anti-federalists. In 1783 he wrote Elbrige Gerry a candid </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">candid and impassioned letter expressing his hopes for the Confederation Congress and his fears of a Treasury department corrupted by powerful money interests.</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> "</i></div>
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<i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Welfare, & perhaps the Being of the United States, in my opinion, depends much upon Congress possessing the confidence of the People at large," </i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">t is crucial that the people see</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> "the administration of publick affairs being manifestly grounded upon principles of equality & justice" in order for Congress to "merit their confidence." The "Congress...is & must be the cement of the Union of the States." </i><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In this letter Adams also realizes that an important change is coming:</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </i><br />
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<i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">"The war is now over, and the People turn their eyes to the disposition of their money. A subject which I hope Congress will always have so clear a knowledge of, as to be able at any time to satisfy the rational inquiries of the People... Power will follow the possession of money even when it is known that it is not the possessors of property." </i><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The role of the nation's chief finance minister must be impeccable, he continues </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">"Should a suspicion prevail that our high Treasurer suffers men of bad principles, or of no principles to be about him & employed by him, the fidelity of Congress itself would be suspected and a total loss of confidence would follow...Were our Financier, I was going to say, even an Angel from Heaven, I hope he will never have so much influence as to gain the ascendancy over Congress which the first Lord of the Treasury has long had over the Parliament of Britain; long enough to effect the ruin of that nation." </i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYLwLmtqajLXyes5FeczUYlLYDGc13s_wyHjBly0UNnyVLaYIqyJtFxda4ZLq8JLjFWotJ_0Vfh-9pQHj0SbCcCVwYwcyg90VUaTPQroBAzL9lndcwAuGN0N1lFEviPY-NTAD0vbJGKG0/s1600/sam+adams+to+Gerry+1783.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="386" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYLwLmtqajLXyes5FeczUYlLYDGc13s_wyHjBly0UNnyVLaYIqyJtFxda4ZLq8JLjFWotJ_0Vfh-9pQHj0SbCcCVwYwcyg90VUaTPQroBAzL9lndcwAuGN0N1lFEviPY-NTAD0vbJGKG0/s640/sam+adams+to+Gerry+1783.jpg" title="Autograph letter signed "S. Adams" To Elbridge Gerry, Boston, 9 September 1783. image courtesy of Christies.com - http://www.samueladams.net/" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Autograph letter signed "S. Adams" To Elbridge Gerry, Boston, 9 September 1783.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Although fellow Confederation Congressmen assure Adams this would never happen. He is not so sure and writes Gerry that.</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> "Whether these fears are the mere creatures of the imagination, you will judge." </i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Unlike </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Patrick Henry, and </span><a href="http://www.richardhenrylee.org/" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Richard Henry Lee</a>,<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> however, he did not actively oppose the new constitution of 1787. In the Massachusetts convention of 1788, for considering the federal constitution, he was by far the most influential member. For two weeks he sat in silence listening to the arguments of other members. Then he decided to support the constitution and urge its ratification unconditionally, but with a general understanding that Massachusetts would submit to the new congress sundry amendments equivalent in effect to a bill of rights. His decision carried the convention in favor of ratification by the narrow majority of 187 yeas to 108 nays. But for this ratification on the part of Massachusetts the constitution would not have been adopted, and of all the great services rendered by Samuel Adams to his country none was greater than this. The example of Massachusetts in proposing amendments was followed by other states, and it was thus that the first ten amendments, declared in force 15 Dec., 1791, originated. </span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i><b><a href="http://www.americasfourrepublics.com/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">America's Four Republics: The More or Less United States</a></b></i></span></div>
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<span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><b>By: Stanley Yavneh Klos</b></span></div>
<ul style="line-height: 1.4; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px 2.5em; text-align: start;">
<li style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><b style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: #990000; line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">First United American Republic:</span></b><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-indent: 0in;"> </span><i style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">United Colonies of North America: 13 British Colonies United in Congress </span></i><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-indent: 0in;">was founded by 12 colonies on September 5th, 1774 (Georgia joined in 1775) and governed through a <i><a href="http://www.uscontinentalcongress.com/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">British Colonial Continental Congress</a>.</i> <a href="http://www.peytonrandolph.com/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">Peyton Randolph</a> and <a href="http://www.georgewashington.us/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">George Washington </a>served, respectively, as the Republic's first President and Commander-in-Chief;</span></span></li>
<li style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><b style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: #990000; line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">Second United American Republic:</span></b><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-indent: 0in;"> <i>The U</i></span><i style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">nited States of America: 13 Independent States United in Congress</span></i><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-indent: 0in;"> was <a href="http://www.firstusstate.com/">founded by 12 states</a> on July 2nd, 1776 (New York abstained until July 9th), and governed through the <a href="http://www.uscontinentalcongress.com/p/us-continental-congress.html" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;"><i>United States</i> </a><i><a href="http://www.uscontinentalcongress.com/p/us-continental-congress.html" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">Continental Congress</a>. </i><a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">John Hancock</a> and <a href="http://www.georgewashington.us/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">George Washington</a> served, respectively, as the Republic's first President and Commander-in-Chief; </span></span></li>
<li style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><b style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;"><span style="color: #990000;">Third United American Republic:</span> </span></b><i style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">The<b> </b></span></i><i style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">United States of America: A Perpetual Union</span></i><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-indent: 0in;"> was founded by 13 States on March 1st, 1781, with the enactment of the first U.S. Constitution, the <i><i><a href="http://www.articlesofconfederation.com/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">Articles of Confederation</a>,</i> </i>and governed through the <a href="http://www.uscontinentalcongress.com/p/usca.html" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;"><i>United States</i> </a><i><a href="http://www.uscontinentalcongress.com/p/usca.html" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">in Congress Assembled</a>. </i></span><a href="http://www.samuelhuntington.org/" style="color: #6c91ce; text-decoration: none;">Samuel Huntington</a><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;"> </span><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">and</span><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;"> </span><a href="http://www.georgewashington.us/" style="color: #6c91ce; line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-decoration: none;">George Washington</a><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;"> </span><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">served, respectively, as the Republic's first President and Commander-in-Chief;</span><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;"> </span></span></li>
<li style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><b style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: #990000; line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">Fourth United American Republic:</span></b><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-indent: 0in;"> <i>The </i></span><i style="text-indent: 0in;"><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">United States of America: We the People</span></i><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px; text-indent: 0in;"> was formed by 11 states on March 4th, 1789 (North Carolina and Rhode Island joined in November 1789 and May 1790, respectively), with </span><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">the</span><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;"> enactment of the U.S. <i>Constitution of 1787. </i>The fourth and current United States Republic </span><span style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;">governs through the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate in Congress Assembled, the U.S. President and Commander-in-Chief, and the U.S. Supreme Court. </span><i style="line-height: 17.77777862548828px;"><a href="http://www.georgewashington.us/" style="color: #6c91ce; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none;">George Washington</a><span style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-style: normal;">served as the Republic's first President and Commander-in-Chief.</span></i></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1789 Mr. Adams was chosen lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts, Hancock being governor. There were many who urged his claims for the vice-presidency under Washington, but the preference was given to his cousin as more fully in sympathy with the federalist party. He was chosen governor of Massachusetts in 1794. and served in that capacity till 1797. His political opinions resembled those of Jefferson. 11 is last years were spent in his house on Winter street, Boston, as he had been obliged to part with his paternal mansion on Purchase street. His personal appearance is thus described by Mr. Wells:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>"His stature was a little above the medium height. He wore a wig, cocked hat, buckled shoes, knee-breeches, and a red cloak, and held himself very erect, with the ease and address of a polite gentleman. On stop1 ping to speak with any person in the street his salutation was formal yet cordial. His gestures were animated, and in conversation there was a slight tremulous motion of the head. His complexion was florid, and his eyes dark blue. The eyebrows were heavy, almost to bushiness, and contrasted remarkably with the clear forehead, which, at the age of seventy, had but few wrinkles. The face had a benignant but careworn expression, blended with a native dignity (some have said majesty) of countenance which never failed to impress strangers."</i> </span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In conversation he was entertaining, and possessed a great fund of anecdote. He was frugal, temperate, and incorruptible. His capacity for work, as seems to have been the case with all of his illustrious family, was prodigious. In religion, unlike his cousin John, he was a strict Calvmist. He was twice married, first in 1749 to Elizabeth Checkley, daughter of the pastor of the new South church. She died in 1757, and in 1764 he married Elizabeth Wells, daughter of an English merchant who had settled in Boston in 1723. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">His only son, Samuel, was graduated at Harvard college in 1771, studied medicine with the famous Dr. Joseph Warren, served as surgeon in the army throughout the war, and thereby ruined his health and died in 1788. Samuel Adams left only female descendants. An excellent statue of him in bronze, by Miss Whitney, stands in Dock square, and his portrait by Copley hangs in Faneuil hall. His life has been written by W. V. Wells, "Life and Public Services of Samuel Adams" (8 vols., Boston, 1865), and by J. K. Hosrner, " Samuel Adams " (Boston, 1885). -- Appleton's Biography</span><br />
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<br /><span style="color: #990000; font-size: medium;"><b> </b></span><strong style="color: #660000; font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: xx-large;">The Congressional Evolution of the United States of America </strong><div style="text-align: left;">
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Continental Congress of the United Colonies Presidents</b><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></span></div>
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Sept. 5, 1774 to July 1, 1776</div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Peyton Randolph</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">September 5, 1774<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">October 22, 1774<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://henrymiddleton.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Henry Middleton</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">October 22, 1774<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">October 26, 1774<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Peyton Randolph</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">May 20, 1775<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">May 24, 1775<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/" style="color: #6666cc;">John Hancock</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">May 25, 1775<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">July 1, 1776<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: medium;"><b>Commander-in-Chief United Colonies & States of America</b></span></div>
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<b>George Washington: June 15, 1775 - December 23, 1783</b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Continental Congress of the United States Presidents </span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/" style="color: #6666cc;">John Hancock</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">July 2, 1776<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">October 29, 1777<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://henrylaurens.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Henry Laurens</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 1, 1777<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">December 9, 1778<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://johnjay.net/" style="color: #6666cc;">John Jay</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">December 10, 1778<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">September 28, 1779<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/" style="color: #6666cc;">Samuel Huntington</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">September 29, 1779<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">February 28, 1781<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Presidents of the United States in Congress Assembled</span></b><br />
March 1, 1781 to March 3, 1789</div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/" style="color: #6666cc;">Samuel Huntington</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">March 1, 1781<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">July 6, 1781<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://samueljohnston.org/" style="color: #6666cc;">Samuel Johnston</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">July 10, 1781<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">Declined Office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://thomasmckean.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Thomas McKean</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">July 10, 1781<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 4, 1781<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://johnhanson.net/" style="color: #6666cc;">John Hanson</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 5, 1781<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 3, 1782<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://eliasboudinot.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Elias Boudinot</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 4, 1782<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 2, 1783<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://thomasmifflin.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Thomas Mifflin</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 3, 1783<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">June 3, 1784<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://richardhenrylee.org/" style="color: #6666cc;">Richard Henry Lee</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 30, 1784<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 22, 1785<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/" style="color: #6666cc;">John Hancock</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">November 23, 1785<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">June 5, 1786<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://nathanielgorham.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Nathaniel Gorham</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">June 6, 1786<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 21px;">February 1, 1787</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://arthurstclair.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Arthur St. Clair</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">February 2, 1787<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 21px;">January 21, 1788</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://cyrusgriffin.com/" style="color: #6666cc;">Cyrus Griffin</a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">January 22, 1788<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 21px;">January 21, 1789</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Presidents of the United States of America</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;">D-Democratic Party, F-Federalist Party, I-Independent, R-Republican Party, R* Republican Party of Jefferson & W-Whig Party </span></span></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://georgewashington.us/"><span style="color: blue;">George Washington (I)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/jefferson-davis.html"><span style="color: blue;">Jefferson Davis (D)*</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://franklindroosevelt.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1789-1797)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1933-1945)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://andrewjohnson.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Andrew Johnson (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.johnadams.us/"><span style="color: blue;">John Adams (F)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1865-1869)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://harrytruman.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Harry S. Truman (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1797-1801)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1945-1953)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://ulyssessgrant.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Ulysses S. Grant (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.thomasjefferson.us/"><span style="color: blue;">Thomas Jefferson (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1869-1877)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://dwighteisenhower.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1801-1809)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1953-1961)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/rutherford-hayes.html"><span style="color: blue;">Rutherford B. Hayes R</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.jamesmadison.us/"><span style="color: blue;">James Madison (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"> (1877-1881)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://johnfkennedy.org/"><span style="color: blue;">John F. Kennedy (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1809-1817)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1961-1963)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/james-garfield.html"><span style="color: blue;">James A. Garfield (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.jamesmonroe.net/"><span style="color: blue;">James Monroe (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"> (1881 - 1881)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/lyndon-johnson.html"><span style="color: blue;">Lyndon B. Johnson (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1817-1825)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1963-1969)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/chester-arthur.html"><span style="color: blue;">Chester Arthur (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.johnqadams.org/"><span style="color: blue;">John Quincy Adams (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1881-1885)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://richardnixon.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Richard M. Nixon (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1825-1829)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1969-1974)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html"><span style="color: blue;">Grover Cleveland (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.andrewjackson.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Andrew Jackson (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1885-1889)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://geraldrford.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Gerald R. Ford (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1829-1837)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1973-1974)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://benjaminharrison.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Benjamin Harrison (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/martin-van-buren.html"><span style="color: blue;">Martin Van Buren (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1889-1893)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-clinton.html"><span style="color: blue;">James E. Carter, Jr. (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1837-1841)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1977-1981)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html"><span style="color: blue;">Grover Cleveland (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-henry-harrison.html"><span style="color: blue;">William H. Harrison (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1893-1897)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/ronald-reagan.html"><span style="color: blue;">Ronald W. Reagan (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1841-1841)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1981-1989)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://williammckinley.org/"><span style="color: blue;">William McKinley (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/john-tyler.html"><span style="color: blue;">John Tyler (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1897-1901)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/george-w-bush.html"><span style="color: blue;">George H. W. Bush (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1841-1845)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1989-1993)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://theodoreroosevelt.net/"><span style="color: blue;">Theodore Roosevelt (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://jameskpolk.org/"><span style="color: blue;">James K. Polk (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1901-1909)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-clinton.html"><span style="color: blue;">William J. Clinton (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1845-1849)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1993-2001)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://williamhtaft.org/"><span style="color: blue;">William H. Taft (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/zachary-taylor.html"><span style="color: blue;">Zachary Taylor (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1909-1913)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/george-w-bush.html"><span style="color: blue;">George W. Bush (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1849-1850)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(2001-2009)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/woodrow-wilson.html"><span style="color: blue;">Wilson Woodrow (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://millardfillmore.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Millard Fillmore (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1913-1921)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/barack-obama.html"><span style="color: blue;">Barack H. Obama (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1850-1853)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(2009-2017)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/warren-harding.html"><span style="color: blue;">Warren G. Harding ®</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/franklin-pierce.html"><span style="color: blue;">Franklin Pierce (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1921-1923)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/donald-j-trump.html"><span style="color: blue;">Donald J. Trump (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1853-1857)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(20017-Present)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://calvincoolidge.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Calvin Coolidge (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://jamesbuchanan.org/"><span style="color: blue;">James Buchanan (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1923-1929)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">*Confederate States of America<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1857-1861)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://herberthoover.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Herbert C. Hoover (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://abrahamlincoln.us/"><span style="color: blue;">Abraham Lincoln (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1929-1933)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1861-1865)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="text-align: start;"><b><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Chart Comparing Presidential Powers</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span></b></b><b style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>- <a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/presidential-powers.html" target="_blank">Click Here</a></b></span></span></b><br />
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<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><b><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 33.7333px;"><br /></span></b></b></span></b></div>
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<b style="text-align: start;"><b><b><span style="font-size: 22pt; line-height: 33.7333px;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">United Colonies and States First Ladies</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></b></b></div>
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<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 27.6px;">1774-1788<o:p></o:p></span></b></b></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">United Colonies Continental Congress<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">President<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">18<sup>th</sup> Century Term<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Age<span style="color: #7b0f19;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.peytonrandolph.com/p/betty-randolph.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth "Betty" Harrison Randolph</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1745-1783)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Peyton Randolph</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">09/05/74 – 10/22/74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">29<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.henrymiddleton.com/p/mary-baker-middleton.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Mary Williams Middleton</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1741- 1761) Deceased<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Henry Middleton<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">10/22–26/74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.peytonrandolph.com/p/betty-randolph.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth "Betty" Harrison Randolph</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1745–1783)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Peyton Randolph</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">05/20/ 75 - 05/24/75<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/p/dorothy-quincy-hancock-dorothy-quincy.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Dorothy Quincy Hancock Scott</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1830)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">John Hancock</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">05/25/75 – 07/01/76<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">28<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"></td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"></td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"></td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"></td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">United States Continental Congress<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">President<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Term<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Age<span style="color: #7b0f19;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/p/dorothy-quincy-hancock-dorothy-quincy.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Dorothy Quincy Hancock Scott</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1830)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">John Hancock</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">07/02/76 – 10/29/77<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">29<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.henrylaurens.com/p/eleanor-laurens.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Eleanor Ball Laurens</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1731- 1770) Deceased<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Henry Laurens<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">11/01/77 – 12/09/78<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.sarahlivingstonjay.org/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Sarah Livingston Jay</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1756-1802)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnjay.net/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">John Jay</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">12/ 10/78 – 09/28/78<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">21<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.samuelhuntington.org/p/martha-huntington.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Martha Huntington</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1738/39–1794)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Samuel Huntington</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">09/29/79 – 02/28/81<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"></td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"></td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"></td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"></td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">United States in Congress Assembled<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">President<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Term<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Age<span style="color: #7b0f19;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.samuelhuntington.org/p/martha-huntington.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Martha Huntington</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1738/39–1794)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Samuel Huntington</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">03/01/81 – 07/06/81<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">42<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomasmckean.com/p/blog-page.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Sarah Armitage McKean </span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1756-1820)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://thomasmckean.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Thomas McKean</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">07/10/81 – 11/04/81<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">25<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhanson.net/p/jane-hanson.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Jane Contee Hanson</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1726-1812)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhanson.net/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">John Hanson</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">11/05/81 - 11/03/82<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">55<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.eliasboudinot.com/p/hannah-stockton-boudinot-was-born-21.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Hannah Stockton Boudinot</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1736-1808)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://eliasboudinot.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Elias Boudinot</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">11/03/82 - 11/02/83<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">46<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomasmifflin.com/p/sarah-morris-mifflin.html"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Sarah Morris Mifflin</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1790)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://thomasmifflin.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Thomas Mifflin</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">11/03/83 - 11/02/84<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">36<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.richardhenrylee.org/p/anne-lee.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Anne Gaskins Pinkard Lee</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1738-1796)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://richardhenrylee.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Richard Henry Lee</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">11/20/84 - 11/19/85<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">46<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/p/dorothy-quincy-hancock-dorothy-quincy.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Dorothy Quincy Hancock Scott</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1830)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">John Hancock</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">11/23/85 – 06/06/86<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">38<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.nathanielgorham.com/p/rebecca-call-was-born-to-caleb-vall.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Rebecca Call Gorham</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1744-1812)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://nathanielgorham.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Nathaniel Gorham</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">06/06/86 - 02/01/87<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">42<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.arthurstclair.com/p/phoebe-bayard-st-clair.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Phoebe Bayard St. Clair</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1743-1818)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://arthurstclair.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Arthur St. Clair</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">02/02/87 - 01/21/88<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">43<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.cyrusgriffin.com/p/ladychristina-stuart-daughter-of-6th.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Christina Stuart Griffin</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1751-1807)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://cyrusgriffin.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none;">Cyrus Griffin</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">01/22/88 - 01/29/89<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">36<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="font-family: "times new roman";">
<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b></b></span></b></div>
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<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b></b></span></b></div>
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<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent5" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 721px;"><tbody>
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<b><i><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Constitution of 1787</span></i></b><b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br />First Ladies<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">President<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Term<span style="color: #7b0f19;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Age<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.marthawashington.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Martha Washington</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://georgewashington.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">George Washington </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">57<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.abigailadams.us/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Abigail Adams</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnadams.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">John Adams</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">52<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Martha Wayles Jefferson Deceased<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://thomasjefferson.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Thomas Jefferson</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">September 6, 1782 (Aged 33)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.dolleymadison.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Dolley Madison</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesmadison.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">James Madison </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">40<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.elizabethmonroe.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth Monroe</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesmonroe.net/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">James Monroe</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">48<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnqadams.org/p/louisa-catherine-johnson-adams-born.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Louisa Adams</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnqadams.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">John Quincy Adams</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">50<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.andrewjackson.org/p/jackson-rachel-born-in-1767-died-at.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;"> Rachel Jackson Deceased</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://andrewjackson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Andrew Jackson</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">December 22, 1828 (aged 61)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/martin-van-buren.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Hannah Van Buren Deceased</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/martin-van-buren.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Martin Van Buren</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">February 5, 1819 (aged 35)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/william-henry-harrison.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Anna Harrison</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-henry-harrison.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">William H. Harrison</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">65<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/john-tyler.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Letitia Tyler</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/john-tyler.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">John Tyler</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">April 4, 1841 – September 10, 1842<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">50<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/john-tyler.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Julia Tyler</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/john-tyler.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">John Tyler</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">June 26, 1844 – March 4, 1845<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">23<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.jameskpolk.org/p/sarah-polk.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Sarah Polk</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jameskpolk.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">James K. Polk</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/zachary-taylor.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Margaret Taylor</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/zachary-taylor.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Zachary Taylor</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.millardfillmore.org/p/abigail-powers-fillmore-march-13-1798.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Abigail Fillmore</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://millardfillmore.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Millard Fillmore</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">52<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/franklin-pierce.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Jane Means Pierce</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/franklin-pierce.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Franklin Pierce</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">46<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.jamesbuchanan.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Lifelong Bachelor</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesbuchanan.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">James Buchanan</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.abrahamlincoln.us/p/mary-todd-was-carefully-educated-in.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Mary Todd Lincoln</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://abrahamlincoln.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Abraham Lincoln </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">42<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/jefferson-davis.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Varina Davis</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">*<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/jefferson-davis.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Jefferson Davis*</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">February 22, 1862 – May 10, 1865<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.andrewjohnson.org/p/his-wife-eliza-mccardle-johnson-born-in.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Eliza McCardle Johnson</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://andrewjohnson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Andrew Johnson</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">54<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.ulyssessgrant.org/p/julia-grant-julia-dent-grant-born-in-st.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Julia Boggs Dent Grant</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://ulyssessgrant.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Ulysses S. Grant </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">43<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/rutherford-hayes.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Lucy Ware Webb Hayes</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/rutherford-hayes.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Rutherford B. Hayes</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">45<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/james-garfield.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Lucretia Rudolph Garfield</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/james-garfield.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">James A. Garfield</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">48<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/chester-arthur.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/chester-arthur.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Chester Arthur </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 12, 1880 (Aged 43)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">n/a<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/grover-cleveland.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Frances Folsom Cleveland</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Grover Cleveland</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">June 2, 1886 – March 4, 1889<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">21<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.benjaminharrison.org/p/caroline-lavinia-scott-harrison-was.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Caroline Scott Harrison</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.benjaminharrison.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Benjamin Harrison</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1889 – October 25, 1892<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">56<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/grover-cleveland.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Frances Folsom Cleveland</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Grover Cleveland </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">June 2, 1886 – March 4, 1889<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">28<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.williammckinley.org/p/ida-saxton-mckinley-june-8-1847-may-26.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Ida Saxton McKinley</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://williammckinley.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">William McKinley</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">49<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.theodoreroosevelt.net/p/edith-kermit-carow-roosevelt.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://theodoreroosevelt.net/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Theodore Roosevelt</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">40<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.williamhtaft.org/p/helen-herron-taft.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Helen Louise Herron Taft</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://williamhtaft.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">William H. Taft </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">47<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/p/ellen-axson-wilson.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Ellen Axson Wilson</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Woodrow Wilson</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">March 4, 1913 – August 6, 1914<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">52<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/p/edith-wilson.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Edith Bolling Galt Wilson</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Woodrow Wilson</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">December 18, 1915 – March 4, 1921<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">43<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/warren-harding.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Florence Mabel King Harding</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/warren-harding.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Warren G. Harding </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.calvincoolidge.org/p/grace-anna-goodhue-coolidge.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Grace Anna Goodhue Coolidge</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.calvincoolidge.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Calvin Coolidge</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">44<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.herberthoover.org/p/lou-henry-hoover.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Lou Henry Hoover</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://herberthoover.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Herbert C. Hoover</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">54<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.eleanorroosevelt.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Eleanor Roosevelt</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.franklindroosevelt.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Franklin D. Roosevelt</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">48<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.harrytruman.org/p/blog-page.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth Virginia "Bess" Truman</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://harrytruman.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Harry S. Truman</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.dwighteisenhower.org/p/marie-doud-geneva-eisenhower-1896-1979.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Mamie Geneva Doud Eisenhower</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://dwighteisenhower.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Dwight D. Eisenhower</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">56<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnfkennedy.org/p/jacqueline-bouvier-kennedy.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnfkennedy.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">John F. Kennedy</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">31<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/lyndon-johnson.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Claudia Alta Taylor "Lady Bird" Johnson</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/lyndon-johnson.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Lyndon B. Johnson </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">50<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.richardnixon.org/p/patricia-ryan-nixon-born-thelma.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Thelma Catherine "Pat" Ryan Nixon</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://richardnixon.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Richard M. Nixon </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">56<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.geraldrford.org/p/betty.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth Ann "Betty" Ford</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://geraldrford.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Gerald R. Ford </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">56<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.jamesecarter.net/p/eleanor-rosalynn-smith-carter.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Eleanor Rosalynn Carter</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesecarter.net/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">James Earl Carter, Jr. </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">49<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/ronald-reagan.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Nancy Davis Reagan</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/ronald-reagan.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Ronald Wilson Reagan </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">59<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/george-h-w-bush.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Barbara Pierce Bush</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/george-h-w-bush.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">George H. W. Bush</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">63<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/william-clinton.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-clinton.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">William Jefferson Clinton</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">45<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/george-w-bush.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Laura Lane Welch Bush</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/george-w-bush.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">George W. Bush </span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">54<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(75, 172, 198); border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/barack-obama.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama</span></a></span></b><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(75, 172, 198); border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/barack-obama.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Barack H. Obama</span></a></span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(75, 172, 198); border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">January 20, 2009 to date<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(75, 172, 198); border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">45<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><br /></span></div>
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</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "times new roman";">
<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b></b></span></b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "times new roman";">
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "times new roman";">
<b style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"></span></b></div>
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<div style="line-height: 24px;">
<br />
<br />
<div style="line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0.2in;">
<div style="text-indent: 0px;">
<div style="line-height: 24px;">
<div style="line-height: 24px;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Capitals of the United Colonies and States of America</span></b><br />
<div style="font-family: "times new roman"; line-height: 24px;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="font-family: "times new roman"; line-height: 24px;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 531px;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(79, 129, 189); border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(79, 129, 189); height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Philadelphia</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(79, 129, 189); border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(79, 129, 189); height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sept. 5, 1774 to Oct. 24, 1774</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(79, 129, 189); border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(79, 129, 189); height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_36.html" target="_blank">City Tavern</a> & <a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_97.html" target="_blank">Carpenter’s Hall</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Philadelphia</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">May 10, 1775 to Dec. 12, 1776</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_26.html" target="_blank">Pennsylvania State House</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Baltimore</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dec. 20, 1776 to Feb. 27, 1777</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_38.html" target="_blank">Henry Fite’s House</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Philadelphia</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">March 4, 1777 to Sept. 18, 1777</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_26.html" target="_blank">Pennsylvania State House</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lancaster</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">September 27, 1777</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_16.html" target="_blank">Lancaster Court House</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">York</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sept. 30, 1777 to June 27, 1778</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_44.html" target="_blank">York-town Court House</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Philadelphia</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">July 2, 1778 to June 21, 1783</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/college-hall.html" target="_blank">College Hall</a> - <a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_26.html" target="_blank">PA State House</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Princeton</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">June 30, 1783 to Nov. 4, 1783</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/prospect-house.html" target="_blank">Prospect House</a> - <a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/nassau-hall-princeton-n.html" target="_blank">Nassau Hall</a></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;"><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Annapolis</span></strong></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nov. 26, 1783 to Aug. 19, 1784</span></div>
</div>
</td><td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_8.html" target="_blank">Maryland, State House</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nov. 1, 1784 to Dec. 24, 1784</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page.html" target="_blank">French Arms Tavern</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Jan. 11, 1785 to Nov. 13, 1788</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/new-york-city-hall.html" target="_blank">New York City Hall</a></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">New York City</span></strong></div>
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<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/walter-livingston-house.html" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: 13.3333px;" target="_blank">Walter Livingston House</a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">March 3,1789 to August 12, 1790</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/federal.html" target="_blank">Federal Hall</a></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Philadelphia</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dec. 6,1790 to May 14, 1800</span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/congress-hall.html" target="_blank">Congress Hall</a></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">Washington DC</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">November 17,1800 to Present</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/us-capitol-building.html" target="_blank">Two US Capitol Buildings</a></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibcKnvpY51_-Q0fnapK6lRbNBC5Vr5nterx9ynBq3-n84nUeFKkf5mHlCtp-5MzAStWAWPjqC10cKL0rfUdWp-AvkWcgiCEuaAriyAXnhmjNEyH0tGwMbu9Qbxq0i_b57un8fhuUxJZG8/s1600/Historic-us+Card.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibcKnvpY51_-Q0fnapK6lRbNBC5Vr5nterx9ynBq3-n84nUeFKkf5mHlCtp-5MzAStWAWPjqC10cKL0rfUdWp-AvkWcgiCEuaAriyAXnhmjNEyH0tGwMbu9Qbxq0i_b57un8fhuUxJZG8/s1600/Historic-us+Card.png" title="Historic.us A Non-profit Corporation Primary Source Exhibits 2000 Louisiana Avenue | Venue 15696 New Orleans, Louisiana, 70115 727-771-1776 | Exhibit Inquiries 202-239-1774 | Office Dr. Naomi and Stanley Yavneh Klos, Principals" width="372" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Book a primary source exhibit and a professional speaker for your next event by contacting Historic.us today. Our Clients include many Fortune 500 companies, associations, non-profits, colleges, universities, national conventions, PR and advertising agencies. As a leading national exhibitor of primary sources, many of our clients have benefited from our historic displays that are designed to entertain and educate your target audience. <a href="mailto:Stan@Historic.us">Contact us</a> to learn how you can join our "roster" of satisfied clientele today!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><iframe allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/hhdwJspiz9U?wmode=opaque" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%;" width="560"></iframe><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "helvetica neue light" , , "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> </span><br style="color: #333333; font-size: 14px;" /><b style="color: #333333; font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow"; font-size: medium;">Hosted by The New Orleans Jazz Museum and The Louisiana Historical Center</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 36pt; line-height: 20.79px;"><b>Historic.us</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><br /> </span>A Non-profit Corporation</div>
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<b><span style="color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 22pt;">Primary Source Exhibits</span></b></div>
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<b style="font-size: x-large;">727-771-1776 | Exhibit Inquiries</b></div>
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<b style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></b><b style="font-size: x-large;">202-239-1774 | Office</b><br />
<b style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></b><b style="font-size: x-large;">202-239-0037 </b><b style="font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0in;">| </b><b style="font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0in;">FAX </b></div>
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<span style="color: #333333;"><b><br /></b></span><b><span style="color: #990000;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>Dr. Naomi and Stanley Yavneh Klos, </i></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>Principals</i></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Naomi@Historic.us</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Stan@Historic.us</b></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large; line-height: normal;"><i><span style="color: #333333;">P</span>rimary Source exhibits are available for display in your community. The costs range from $1,000 to $35,000 depending on length of time on loan and the rarity of artifacts chosen. </i></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Website: <a href="http://www.historic.us/" style="color: #4d469c; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.Historic.us</a></b></span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><b style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: small;"><span style="color: #990000;">U.S. Dollar Presidential Coin Mr. Klos vs Secretary Paulson</span> - </span><a href="http://www.coinact.us/p/in-united-states-court-of-appeals-filed_2452.html" style="color: #2e2e8a; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: medium;" target="_blank">Click Here</a></b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial narrow"; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: 700;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The United Colonies of North America Continental Congress Presidents (1774-1776)</span><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 36px;"><br />The United States of America Continental Congress Presidents (1776-1781)<br />The United States of America in Congress Assembled Presidents (1781-1789)<br />The United States of America Presidents and Commanders-in-Chiefs (1789-Present)</span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial narrow"; font-size: 16pt;"><a href="https://www.uspresidency.com/p/complete-list-of-uc-and-us-presidents.html" style="color: blue; text-decoration-line: none;">Click Here for the complete list and links to their biographies</a></span></b><br />
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Stan Kloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13178581524052821016noreply@blogger.com0